Implicit Leadership Theory Among Malaysian Managers and its Impact on the Leader-Member Expectation Gap

Implicit leadership theory (ILT) examines leadership as seen by followers while other theories describe what leaders are or do. The main objective of this study is to identify ILT among Malaysian managers and the impact of the expectation gap on leader member exchange (LMX) quality and subsequently on the perception of job satisfaction and turnover intention. This study's main research question is whether the different ethnic groups in Malaysia are associated with different ILT. The relationship between leadership expectation gap and the different ethnic groups in Malaysia was examined. The effect of demographic dissimilarities (differences in ethnic background and nationality of superior and subordinate) on the subordinates' leadership expectation gap is also tested. Duration of subordinates' relationship with the superior was included as a moderating variable in the leadership expectation gap - LMX quality relationships and also in the demographic dissimilarities - leadership expectation gap relationships. LMX quality was included as the mediating variable in the leadership expectation gap - work related outcomes (job satisfaction and turnover intention) relationships. The individual subordinates who work under the supervision of Malaysian and Japanese superiors were the units of analysis. The respondents were selected from Japanese MNCs listed in the Japan-Malaysia Trade Directory Web Page and the questionnaires were posted to employees of 5 Japanese MNCs listed in this directory. Purposive sampling was used. Out of 200 distributed questionnaires, 137 were completed and usable responses. The results reveal that the different ethnic groups in Malaysia are associated with different implicit leadership theories. Several results were contrary to expectations where demographic dissimilarities did not have an effect on the subordinates' leadership expectation gap. Duration of subordinates' relationship with the superior did have moderating effects on the leadership expectation gap - LMX quality relationships, but did not have moderating effects on the demographic dissimilarities - leadership expectation gap relationships. LMX quality partially mediates the leadership expectation gap-work-related outcomes (job satisfaction and turnover intention) relationships. From the preliminary search of literature, there seems to be no study that explored the Malaysian ILT. Thus, the present study provides a first real insight into the nature of ILT among Malaysian managers. It specifical1y examined the relationship between leadership expectation gap and LMX in Malaysia and its impact on job satisfaction and turnover intention. In conclusion, this study can be a stepping stone for other researchers to embark on studies concerning ILT in the Malaysian context

The Indirect Effects of Participative and Abusive Supervisions on Talent Development through Clinical Learning Environment

This chapter aims to examine the indirect effect of clinical learning environment in the relationship between supervisory styles (participative and abusive supervisions) and talent development in the healthcare setting. A questionnaire-based survey was implemented to collect the data. The data was collected from 355 junior doctors in six Malaysian public hospitals. The partial least squares based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. The main findings are: (1) clinical learning environment has a strong positive indirect effect on the participative supervision-talent development link. This reveals that a conducive clinical learning environment that allows empowerment leads to talent development and (2) clinical learning environment has a strong negative indirect effect on the abusive supervision-talent development link. This implies that junior doctors who feel abused have reduced capacity to work and participate in the learning environment which consequently affects their talent development. The result of this study is consistent with theoretical propositions that clinical learning environment indirectly affects the relationship between participative supervision-talent development and abusive supervision-talent development. This study contributes to the clinical learning environment literature by providing empirical support towards identifying clinical learning environment as the underlying mechanism that accounts for the participative supervision-talent development and abusive supervision-talent development relationships

Antecedents of Cloud Computing Adoption in the Malaysian context: A Systematic Literature Review

In a competitive marketplace, the competitiveness and survival of any corporation are often attributed to its ability to adopt innovative technology which bestows a competitive edge and reduced costs, improves the quality and the efficiency of its business processes. Cloud computing is a platform for the development of computational solutions for multiple fields of knowledge, as it offers cost-saving mechanisms and increased efficiency to organisations. Despite its maturity and enhancement, reviews pertaining to antecedents of cloud computing adoption in the Malaysian context are scarce. Thus, a systematic literature review using Scopus database for retrieving the related articles was carried out to shed light on the antecedents of cloud computing adoption in the Malaysian context. The review revealed that the antecedents influencing cloud computing adoption include technological context elements (relative advantages, technological readiness, cost-saving, and compatibility), organisational context elements (top management support), and environmental context elements (competitive pressure, external support/trading partner support/regulatory support, vendor reputation and trust). Understanding the antecedents of cloud computing adoption is crucial towards strengthening cloud computing adoption and, in turn, will improve the performance and competitiveness of corporate sectors. &nbsp

Influence of knowledge sharing behaviour & social intelligence on teaching and learning performance: evidence from Malaysian Private Universities

Academicians knowledge sharing behaviour and social intelligence plays an essential role in enhancing their teaching and learning performance. Nevertheless, empirical studies that link these concepts are scarce. This paper aims to examine the influence of knowledge sharing behaviour and social intelligence on teaching and learning performance among academicians in Malaysian Private Universities. A questionnaire-based survey was carried out among academicians in the School of Business from seven Malaysian private universities in the Klang Valley area. The survey yielded 318 responses. The results were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 22 for Windows software.Specifically, the relationship between (1) knowledge sharing behavior and teaching and learning performance (2) social intelligence and teaching and learning performance and (3) social intelligence and knowledge sharing behaviour are being proposed in this study. Moreover, this study is expected to contribute to the following: (1) Malaysian Private Universities in the formation of an ideal model for academicians, (2) body of knowledge, specifically in the field of teaching and learning performance in Malaysian Private Universities and (3) literature in human resources pertaining to knowledge sharing behavior, social intelligence and teaching and learning performance

Effect of idealised influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individualised consideration on service sector employees’ performance in Karachi, Pakistan

Transformational leaders motivate their employees in such a way that employees start adopting the vision of the organisation as their own vision. Precisely research concerning relationship between transformational leadership and employee’s performance has been conducted by many researchers as well as in leading sectors and industries of Pakistan. However, there is a dearth of researches that investigates the effect of four dimensions of transformational leadership on employee’s performance in services sector. Therefore, this study was carried out to assess the relationship between transformational leadership and its four dimensions on the performance of employees considering services sector in Karachi, Pakistan. Snowball sampling was utilised and participants were selected among the service sector employees in Karachi, Pakistan. Hypotheses were tested by utilising Smart-PLS. The findings revealed that individualised consideration and idealised influence significantly contributes towards enhanced performance of employees. Contrary to expectation, intellectual stimulation and inspirational motivation was found to be not significant with employee performances’. It is suggested that management of service sector organisations’ should acknowledge the importance of the dimensions of transformational leadership on employees’ performance, which will eventually will lead to the achievement of the strategic goals and tasks defined by the service sector organisation

Safety workaround of registered nurses in Malaysian public hospitals: a pilot study

Safety workarounds stay a crucial concern for employers, significantly within the healthcare industry wherever hospital nurses' safety has deteriorated throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. This pilot study used descriptive and correlational analyses to explore and analyse the reliability of the constructs of communication barriers, work engagement, and burnout on safety workarounds, and their relationship. This study was conducted with 30 registered nurses in public hospitals in the State of Perak, Malaysia. The results showed that all scales to measure burnout, work engagement, communication barriers, and safety workaround had moderate to excellent feasibility and had sufficient test-retest reliability. The results also indicate that all two independent factors, namely burnout and communication barrier, were shown to be negatively and significantly correlated with safety workaround, whereas work engagement was found to be positively and significantly correlated with safety workaround. This study is anticipated to fill a spot within the literature as a result of there hasn't been a lot of analysis on nurses' safety workarounds within the Malaysian setting. These results may contribute to a stronger understanding of the constructs of communication barriers, work engagement, and burnout and how to deal with safety workaround of registered nurses in Malaysian public hospitals

Influences of supervisory styles on talent development, turnover intention and mediating role of clinical learning environment among trainee doctors in Malaysia

Examination on the literature indicated that no empirical research has integrated the concepts of supervisory styles (coaching, mentoring, participative and abusive supervision), clinical learning environment, talent development (development of professional and medical competencies) and turnover intention. In addition, there were less talent development studies in testing the mediating role of clinical learning environment. Thus, the main objective of this study is to examine the influences of supervisory styles on talent development, turnover intention and the mediating role of clinical learning environment among trainee doctors in Malaysian public hospitals. A survey questionnaire was administered on trainee doctors undergoing housemanship training at public hospitals in Klang Valley, Malaysia, and the survey yielded 355 responses. They were choosen using a systematic sampling procedure. Trainee doctors’ talent development was conceptualized using the evidence-based management theory. The theory highlights that doctors possess the craft that can be learned or developed through practice and experience with appropriate supervision. The findings indicate the following: high level of talent development and low level of turnover intention; high preference for coaching supervision, moderate preference for mentoring supervision, high preference for participative supervision and low preference for abusive supervision; coaching, mentoring, participative and abusive supervision influences clinical learning environment, coaching and mentoring supervision facilitates talent development, participative supervision and abusive supervision influences turnover intention and clinical learning environment influences talent development. In addition, the findings reveal that clinical learning environment mediates the relationship between supervisory styles (participative and abusive supervision) and talent development. However, contrary to expectation, coaching and mentoring supervision is not linked to turnover intention; there is no direct effect between supervisory styles (participative and abusive supervision) and talent development; and clinical learning environment is not linked to turnover intention, respectively. As a whole, this study has shed some light on the supervisory styles that can facilitate talent development and influence turnover intention, as well as the influence of clinical learning environment among trainee doctors in Malaysian public hospitals. This study can be a stepping stone for other researchers as this is one of the first few empirical studies done on human resource development, talent development and talent retention among medical practitioners

The role of competency: comparing social intelligence and teaching and learning performance among academics staffs’ in Malaysian private higher education institutions

Academic staff’s social intelligence plays an important part in increasing their teaching and learning performance owing to their magnitude of competency. However, empirical research that associates both constructs is limited. Thus, this research aspires to scrutinise the influence of social intelligence on teaching and learning performance among academic staff with the moderating effect of competency. A self-administered questionnaire survey was used to collect data from 318 academic staff in the business schools of seven Malaysian private higher education institutions located in Klang Valley. SPSS version 26 were used to analyse data. The findings revealed the following: (1) social intelligence has a significant positive influence on competency, (2) competency has a significant positive influence on teaching and learning performance, (3) social intelligence has a significant positive influence on teaching and learning performance and (4) competency significantly moderates the association between social intelligence and teaching and learning performance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed